Total liabilities divided by total assets. This indicates how much of a corporation’s assets are financed by lenders/creditors as opposed to purchased with owners’ or stockholders’ funds. If a high...
Total liabilities divided by total assets. This indicates how much of a corporation’s assets are financed by lenders/creditors as opposed to purchased with owners’ or stockholders’ funds. If a high...
The withdrawal of business cash or other assets by the owner for the personal use of the owner. Withdrawals of cash by the owner are recorded with a debit to the owner’s drawing account and a credit to the cash...
This current liability account reports the amount a company owes the U.S. government as of the balance sheet date for the federal income taxes withheld from its employees’ salaries and wages.
The amount of an asset’s cost that will be depreciated. It is the cost minus the expected salvage value. For example, if equipment has a cost of $30,000 but is expected to have a salvage value of $3,000 then the...
An intangible asset that is reported at cost (or lower) on the balance sheet. It might consist of a name or a logo. Trademarks should be registered with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Also see trade names.
To eliminate debt such as a company’s repurchase or retirement of its outstanding bonds.
A graph’s vertical scale that usually indicates the total dollars for the volume or units indicated by the x-axis.
The direct method could refer to the method of preparing the statement of cash flows. The direct method could also refer to the method of allocating a manufacturing facility’s service departments to its production...
The term associated with payroll deductions from an employee’s gross wages or gross salary.
Reports too little. If an error understates the inventory and the company’s net income, the amount of inventory and the amount of net income being reported are less than the correct amounts.
The recording of a company’s transactions into the accounts contained in the general ledger. It is usually associated with the accounting tasks prior to the preparation of the trial balance. To learn more about...
A statistic known as the coefficient of determination. This statistic indicates the percent change in the dependent variable that is explained by the change in the independent variable(s).
The quantity on hand that will trigger an order to buy more items. A company’s reorder point for Product X might be 80 units. When the quantity on hand gets down to 80, a purchase order is prepared to obtain more...
A corporation’s total stockholders’ equity (excluding preferred stock) divided by the number of shares of common stock outstanding.
One of the first efforts begun in the 1970s by the Financial Accounting Standards Board to articulate and organize into a cohesive framework all of the accounting rules that had been developed in the past. It was hoped...
A liability account that reports the amount a company owes as of the date of the balance sheet for the company’s pension plan. Information on pensions can be found in an Intermediate Accounting textbook.
This current liability account reports the amount a company’s employees have earned in holiday pay, vacation pay, and sick days but have not yet taken as of the date of the balance sheet.
A part of a manufacturer’s inventory that includes direct and indirect materials. Also see inventory: materials.
Accounts that are closed at the end of each accounting year. Included are the income statement accounts (revenues, expenses, gains, losses), summary accounts (such as income summary), and a sole proprietor’s...
A financial ratio that expresses the income statement effect from employing an asset as a percentage of the asset’s cost on the balance sheet.
Usually refers to a statement from the bank showing the activity in a company’s checking account. The statement includes the deposits received by the bank, checks paid by the bank, bank service charge, and other...
Generally, securities that can be sold quickly in the stock or bond market and where the investor’s intention is to sell them within one year of the balance sheet date.
A document that indicates the quantity of goods received. This report is often matched in the accounts payable department with the purchase order and the vendor’s invoice prior to paying the vendor.
In accounting the qualitative characteristics include relevance, reliability, comparability, and consistency. Qualitative characteristics are discussed in the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s Statement of...
National Association of Accountants. This organization’s name was changed to Institute of Management Accountants and currently is referred to as IMA.
A report prepared by a professional appraiser with detailed information on the calculation of an asset’s current market value.
The ratio of the market value of a share of common stock to the earnings per share of common stock. For example, if a corporation earned $3 per share and its stock is trading at $36, it’s price earnings ratio is...
A financial statement that reported the changes in a company’s working capital. The funds flow statement has been replaced by the statement of cash flows.
A fee for the printing of checks ordered by a company. Often the amount is deducted automatically from a company’s checking account by the company that printed the checks.
An employee’s pretax compensation that is based on annual or monthly amounts rather than an hourly rate. Management employees are usually paid salaries. To learn more, see Explanation of Payroll Accounting.
For a retailer, wholesaler, and distributor the primary activities would be the buying of merchandise and then the sale of that merchandise. A manufacturer’s primary activities would be the production and sale of...
The indirect manufacturing costs that will change in proportion to the change in an activity such as machine hours. For example, a portion of a manufacturer’s electricity cost will vary with the change in the...
The amount in a bank account according to the bank’s records.
A lender such as a bank who has placed a lien on a borrower’s assets. As a result, the lender has collateral until the loan amount is repaid.
A corporation’s net income after income taxes minus the dividends pertinent to the preferred shares of stock (if any).
The stockholders’ equity account that reports the amount paid to a corporation that is in excess of the common stock’s stated value. The stated value of each share issued is recorded in the Common Stock...
The price at which the holder of a bond must sell the bond to the issuer. For example, a corporation may have the right to redeem/buy back its bonds by paying the bondholder 110% of the bond’s face amount.
The current liability account which reports the amount of salaries earned by a company’s employees, but which have not yet been paid by the company.
To assign costs to a product, department, customer, etc. on an arbitrary basis. For example, the heating cost might be allocated to the five departments located in the area that is heated. The allocation is often based...
A nongovernment group of seven members assisted by a large research staff which is responsible for the setting of accounting standards, rules, and principles for financial reporting by U.S. entities. Go to www.fasb.org...
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